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The one-dimensional compact Lie group of complex numbers of unit modulus.
Isomorphic to and to .
wp-circle_groupnlab-circle_groupEach relation below ends at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
The circle group is the compact one-dimensional unitary group.
A more specific theory, model, entity class, or regime is obtained by restricting or extending the scope of a broader framework.
wp-circle_groupnlab-circle_groupEach relation below starts at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
The hypercharge factor is modeled by the circle group.
A mathematical concept supplies part of the formal language, state space, representation, or analytic machinery used by a scientific or mathematical-physics concept. The source is the mathematical predecessor; this does not claim that physical content follows from mathematics alone.
wp-physics-standard_model_gauge_groupnlab-physics-standard_modelwp-circle_groupnlab-circle_group