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Hess compared heats for direct and staged chemical transformations and found that consistent overall enthalpy changes were independent of the chosen reaction path.
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Agreement of direct and staged thermochemical measurements supported the state-function relation now called Hess’s law.
The source theory, law, entity, prediction, or structural claim is directly tested, supported, constrained, or established by the target experiment or observation. Experimental support is not final logical proof; the edge detail states exactly what was measured.
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