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A vertical column of elements whose valence-shell patterns often produce related chemical behavior.
wp-chem-periodic-tableopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-periodic-tableEach relation below ends at this concept.
No direct relations are authored in this direction.
Each relation below starts at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Groups organize elements with recurring valence-shell and chemical patterns.
The source supplies a substantive formal ingredient, dynamical sector, law, field content, or mechanism of the target theoretical framework.
wp-chem-periodic-tableopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-periodic-table