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Spin–orbit coupling

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Summary

Coupling between an electron’s spin and orbital motion in the electric field, contributing to fine structure.

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Dirac equationSpin–orbit coupling

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This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.

Authored explanation

Spin–orbit coupling appears at order 1/c21/c^2 in the low-energy expansion of Dirac dynamics, with many-electron and nuclear corrections treated separately.

How to interpret this relation type

The target is recovered from the source either in a stated mathematical or asymptotic limit, or through a quantitatively controlled approximation with identified small parameters or omitted terms. The edge label and detail must state which case applies and its regime of validity.

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