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A transformation in which one atom or group in a molecular framework is replaced by another.
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This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Nucleophilic substitution joins electron-pair donation to departure or displacement at an electrophilic center through a mechanism such as or .
The source field, particle, charge, current, or interaction couples to, acts on, binds, forms, or stabilizes the target in the stated regime. The edge label and detail must identify the exact coupling, interaction, or binding claim and its qualifications.
wp-chem-organic-chemistryiupac-blue-bookpubchem-docsThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Carbocations, ion pairs, radicals, or other intermediates may occur in stepwise substitutions but are absent from concerted pathways.
The source supplies a substantive formal ingredient, dynamical sector, law, field content, or mechanism of the target theoretical framework.
wp-chem-organic-chemistryiupac-blue-bookpubchem-docsThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Substitution can proceed by several stepwise or concerted mechanisms distinguished by kinetics, stereochemistry, and intermediate evidence.
A theory, law, or interaction describes the behavior of the target within a stated regime. The edge detail must state important limits or qualifications.
wp-chem-chemical-kineticsopenstax-chemistry-2edoe-catalystsEach relation below starts at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Substitution reactions supply group-replacement steps in organic synthesis through several concerted or stepwise mechanisms, with nucleophile, substrate, leaving group, solvent, and temperature controlling outcome.
The source supplies a substantive formal ingredient, dynamical sector, law, field content, or mechanism of the target theoretical framework.
wp-chem-organic-chemistryiupac-blue-bookpubchem-docs