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Energy and momentum carried by propagating electromagnetic fields. Classical radiation is described by Maxwell fields; quantum radiation is described by photon-field states that need not have a definite photon number.
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This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Classical electromagnetic radiation is represented by outgoing or propagating Maxwell-wave solutions.
A more specific theory, model, entity class, or regime is obtained by restricting or extending the scope of a broader framework.
wp-physics-electromagnetic_radiationnlab-physics-electromagnetic_radiationThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Definite-number radiation states contain photon excitations; classical coherent radiation generally has no definite photon number.
The source is a material constituent, structural component, or underlying quantum field whose excitation realizes the target physical system or particle. The edge label and detail must distinguish composition from field excitation; neither implies a simple classical sum of parts.
tong-qftpdg-rppThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Quantum electromagnetic radiation is represented by states of the photon field, including number states, wave packets, thermal states, and coherent states.
The target represents a state, property, observable, or state-dependent description associated with the source system or theory.
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This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Electromagnetic radiation couples to molecular charge and current distributions, producing frequency-, polarization-, and geometry-dependent absorption, emission, or scattering measured in molecular spectroscopy.
The source field, particle, charge, current, or interaction couples to, acts on, binds, forms, or stabilizes the target in the stated regime. The edge label and detail must identify the exact coupling, interaction, or binding claim and its qualifications.
wp-physics-electromagnetic_radiationtong-emwp-chem-quantum-chemistryiupac-green-bookThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
When photon energy exceeds an applicable ionization threshold and the transition matrix element is nonzero, electromagnetic radiation can eject a bound electron from an atom or ion.
The source field, particle, charge, current, or interaction couples to, acts on, binds, forms, or stabilizes the target in the stated regime. The edge label and detail must identify the exact coupling, interaction, or binding claim and its qualifications.
nist-atomic-spectroscopytong-quantum