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A particle treated as having no resolved internal constituents in the Standard Model.
“Elementary” is relative to current experimental resolution and theory; quarks and leptons are elementary in the Standard Model, while hadrons are composite.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppcern-standard-modelEach relation below ends at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Relativistic particle species and internal quantum numbers are organized by representations of spacetime and internal symmetry groups.
A mathematical concept supplies part of the formal language, state space, representation, or analytic machinery used by a scientific or mathematical-physics concept. The source is the mathematical predecessor; this does not claim that physical content follows from mathematics alone.
cern-qft-intropdg-standard-modelwp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppwp-group-representationThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Stable elementary particle species are classified by irreducible unitary representations of spacetime symmetry together with internal quantum numbers.
A mathematical concept supplies part of the formal language, state space, representation, or analytic machinery used by a scientific or mathematical-physics concept. The source is the mathematical predecessor; this does not claim that physical content follows from mathematics alone.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppwp-irreducible_representationnlab-irreducible_representationThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
The Standard Model specifies fields and interactions for the known elementary particles.
A theory, law, or interaction describes the behavior of the target within a stated regime. The edge detail must state important limits or qualifications.
cern-standard-modelpdg-rppwp-physics-elementary_particlewp-physics-standard_modelnlab-physics-standard_modelEach relation below starts at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
The Standard Model gauge bosons are elementary field quanta.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppcern-standard-modelwp-physics-gauge_bosonnlab-physics-gauge_bosontong-particleThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
The Standard Model Higgs boson is the elementary scalar excitation of the Higgs field.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppcern-standard-modelwp-physics-higgs_bosoncern-higgs-overviewpdg-2026-higgsThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
In the Standard Model, charged leptons and neutrinos are elementary spin- particle species.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppcern-standard-modelwp-physics-leptontong-particleThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Particles with spin have polarization or spin states subject to mass and gauge constraints.
The target represents a state, property, observable, or state-dependent description associated with the source system or theory.
wp-physics-polarizationpdg-rppwp-physics-elementary_particleThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
In the Standard Model, quarks are elementary spin- particle species.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-elementary_particlepdg-rppcern-standard-modelwp-physics-quarknlab-physics-quarkpdg-quark-modelpdg-qcd