Keyboard graph navigation: press N for concepts or E for relations; use arrow keys, Home, and End to move; Enter selects; Shift plus Enter selects and centers; plus and minus zoom; zero fits; Escape clears the selection. Use the visible viewport buttons as alternatives to dragging, wheel, and pinch gestures.
Canonical static concept record
Open this concept in the interactive graphRead the Markdown equivalent
A bond stabilized substantially by shared electron density between atomic centers.
wp-physics-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-gold-bookEach relation below ends at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Covalent bonding is a major chemical-bond regime characterized by shared and delocalized electron density; real bonds can mix covalent, ionic, and other character.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-chemical-bondiupac-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Valence electrons occupy bonding and antibonding states that determine covalent bond order and reactivity.
The source supplies a substantive formal ingredient, dynamical sector, law, field content, or mechanism of the target theoretical framework.
wp-chem-periodic-tableopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-periodic-tableEach relation below starts at this concept.
This is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Shared electron density can stabilize nuclei in a molecular entity; many bonds have mixed covalent, ionic, and multicenter character.
The source field, particle, charge, current, or interaction couples to, acts on, binds, forms, or stabilizes the target in the stated regime. The edge label and detail must identify the exact coupling, interaction, or binding claim and its qualifications.
wp-physics-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-gold-bookThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Pi bonds are covalent bonding interactions classified by a nodal plane containing the internuclear axis; conjugation and delocalization can distribute that interaction across several atoms.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-chemical-bondThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Sigma bonds are covalent bonding interactions classified by their rotational symmetry about the internuclear axis rather than by a unique localized-orbital picture.
The target is a member or subtype of the broader source class.
wp-physics-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-chemical-bondThis is an authored directed relation from the source endpoint to the target endpoint.
Valence-bond theory models a covalent bond with localized spin-coupled structures and resonance; quantitative accuracy depends on the chosen orbital and configuration space.
The target is a model, idealization, restricted ansatz, approximation scheme, phenomenological fit, or historical representation used for the source system or theory. It need not have a universal small error parameter and is not thereby a controlled limit or effective theory. The edge label and detail must identify the precise status.
wp-physics-chemical-bondopenstax-chemistry-2eiupac-gold-book